Enron Smartest Guys On The Room - 1573 Words

The movie ENRON smartest guys in the room is about one of the biggest corporation corruptions in the United States. In 1985, ENRON Corporation, was a company that delivers pipeline for natural gas and electricity, while mergering with Houston Natural Gas and Internorth. ENRON quickly grew into a reputable company that generated enormous profits. In a short period of time ENRON was considered one of the top global trading company for natural gas, commodities, and electricity. According to the statistic; ENRON was the 7th highest revenue generator in the US. ENRON was known for their large 401k plan that included a lot of ENRON stocks. ENRON started as little of a few hundred employees to the upwards of 21,000 employees. ENRON was led by their COO Jeff Skilling who was very idealist. Mr. Skilling was the brain behind all the new ideas that generate billions of dollars in profit. CEO Kenneth Lay was the man who only cared about more profit at all cost. He could care less how it happens he just wanted it to happen. CFO Andrew Fastow was the key component to manipulating numbers to make the profit seem bigger than it was. Mr. Skilling was a brilliant man with many ideas that helped prosper ENRON to billions of dollars, but also caused ENRON to file for bankruptcy. Mr. Skilling carried many negative traits that was easily visible during the movie. Such traits, as the superego† the moral aspect of personality, much like the conscience. More formally, this division of the psycheShow MoreRelatedEnron, the Smartest Guys in the Room.1229 Words   |  5 PagesEnron, the Smartest Guys in the Room. Enron was involved in American’s largest corporate bankruptcy. It is a story about people, and in reality it is a tragedy. Enron made their stock sky rocket through unethical means, and in reality this company kept losing money. The primary value operating among the traders was greed, money, and how to make profits under any circumstance. The traders thought that a good trader is a creative trader and the creative trader can find any arbitrage opportunityRead MoreEnron : The Smartest Guys Of The Room Essay1549 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Enron was a Houston based energy, commodities and services company. When people hear the name Enron they automatically associate their name with one of the biggest accounting and ethical scandals known to date. The documentary, â€Å"Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room,† provides an in depth examination of Enron and the Enron scandal. The film does a wonderful job of depicting the downfall of Enron and how the corporate culture and ethics were key to Enron’s fall. As the movie suggests, Enron is â€Å"notRead MoreEnron: the Smartest Guys in the Room1989 Words   |  8 Pages it took Enron 16 years to go from about $10 billion of assets to $65 billion of assets, and 24 days to go bankruptcy. Enron is also one of the most celebrated business ethics cases in the century. There are so many things that went wrong within the organization, from all personal (prescriptive and psychological approaches), managerial (group norms, reward system, etc.), and organizational (worl d-class culture) perspectives. This paper will focus on the business ethics issues at Enron that wereRead MoreEnron: The Smartest Guys in the Room Essay1889 Words   |  8 PagesThe thing I liked most about this documentary was the fact that it focused on the guys at the top, the self-proclaimed smartest men in the room, the so-called geniuses who knew the energy business so much better than the rest of the industry. And what a piece of work these men were. Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room shows us how basic human nature does not change, whether its in the easy fall into killing as a means to resolve disputes, or in the incessant human obsession to acquire forRead MoreEnron Case : The Smartest Guys Of The Room1149 Words   |  5 Pages In review of the Enron case, executives higher up exploited their privileges and power, participated in unreliable treatment of external and internal communities. These executives placed their own agendas over the employees and public, and neglected to accept responsibility for ethical downfalls or use appropriate management. As a result, employees followed their unethical behavior (Johnson, 2015). Leaders have great influence in an organization, but policies will not be effectiveRead MoreEnron: the Smartest Guys in the Room Essay1834 Words   |  8 Pagesthis paper is consider three possible rationales for why Enron collapsed—that key individuals were flawed, that the organi zation was flawed, and that some factors larger than the organization (e.g., a trend toward deregulation) led to Enron’s collapse. In viewing â€Å"Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room† it was clear that all three of these flaws contributed to the demise of Enron, but it was the synergy of their combination that truly let Enron to its ultimate path of destruction. As in any organizationRead MoreEssay on Enron: the Smartest Guys in the Room5209 Words   |  21 Pagesï » ¿Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room The  Enron scandal, revealed in October 2001, eventually led to the  bankruptcy  of the  Enron Corporation, an American  energy company based in  Houston, Texas, and the de facto dissolution of  Arthur Andersen, which was one of the  five largest  audit  and accountancy  partnerships  in the world. In addition to being the largest bankruptcy reorganization in American history at that time, Enron was attributed as the biggest audit failure. Enron was formed in 1985 by  KennethRead MoreA Film Review of Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room666 Words   |  3 PagesAbstract This is a review of the movie, Enron: The Smart Guys in the Room. The paper analyses the themes that contributed to the downfall of Enron. It also considers steps that Human Resources would have taken given the chance, in addressing the issues that contributed to the collapse of the Company. Factor That Led To Enrons Downfall According to the documentary Enron: The Smartest Guys in the Room, it seems that one major reasons that led to Enrons down fall was; unethical corporate behaviorRead MoreEssay about Enron: The Smartest Guys In The Room1948 Words   |  8 Pages it took Enron 16 years to go from about $10 billion of assets to $65 billion of assets, and 24 days to go bankruptcy. Enron is also one of the most celebrated business ethics cases in the century. There are so many things that went wrong within the organization, from all personal (prescriptive and psychological approaches), managerial (group norms, reward system, etc.), and organizational (world-class culture) perspectives. This paper will focus on the business ethics issues at Enron that wereRead MoreThe Smartest Guys At The Room : The Amazing Rise And Scandalous Fall Of Enron1654 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"The Smartest Guys In the Room† the amazing rise and scandalous fall of Enron goes into great detail of what happens when a com pany has no ethics. It could be said that ethics was the last thing on the minds of the executives that worked at Enron. People employed at Enron cared about two things the stock price of the company, and the money they could put in their own pockets. This was what caused the fall of one of the biggest energy companies in the U.S†¦ Enron failing did not happen overnight it

Monetary Policy Adopted On Bubble Economy Period Of...

The topic of this dissertation is to discuss the monetary policy adopted in bubble economy period of Japanese. As Japanese economics is a specific example around the world. The Japanese government adopted many effective ways to revitalize the economy with the result that its economy rose abruptly after the World war II. However, because Japan entered a liquidity trap around 1990s, and experienced a â€Å"Lost Decade† (Hiyashi and Prescott, 2002), the government experienced many economic problems such as of slow growth, deflation, and continues nethermore output (Daniel, 2009) In this dissertation, the following parts will be given: Literature review, data description, test result discussion and conclusion. Briefly speaking, the literature†¦show more content†¦Finally, a conclusion will be provided at the end of this section. At the end of this dissertation, there is a final conclusion will be given, the conclusion will cover the reason whether the monetary policy adopted by Bank of Japan was wrong. It will also give some suggestions about the monetary policy according to Japan’s economy. In general, the point of this dissertation is to focus on the monetary policy of Japan during bubble economy period and to identify whether Bank of Japan did right or wrong in such period. Literature Review The background of Japanese Monetary policy in Bubble economy period As Walsh (2003) said that, ‘a social loss function dependent on inflation and output gap is the appropriate objective of monetary policy’ which indicates that the level of inflation and output are the major factors that affect monetary policy of all countries. Moreover, Castelnuovo and Surico (2010) claimed that inflation are the key elements to decided a monetary policy for a county. For the Japan economy, it experienced a disaster during the period 1986-1991, which named Japanese asset price bubble (Wood, Christopher, 2005). It leaded a long term economic depression japan after that. The main reason for the bubble economy is the extremely high inflation rate and output. As mentioned before, Japan was sustained a rapid development after world war II, the main industry of Japan is manufacturing industry. After the Plaza Accord

Twenty Pounds of Candy Essay Example For Students

Twenty Pounds of Candy Essay Its always nice to see a smile on a childs face, especially in a war-torn country. The one thing I knew, that always brought joy to the children, was candy. Knowing that made me want to do something special. I did it for the children. It was first deployed as a buck sergeant. The daily routine was missing something. I wanted to do something, to bring joy and happiness to what was, for lack of a better term, a lousy situation. One evening, after my guard shift, I made a phone call to my Mom. The call wasnt routine, so she was pleasantly surprised. Of course we exchanged pleasantries, but that wasnt why I had called. I told her about my idea, and she was absolutely thrilled to help out. She started asking me so many questions at once like, â€Å"how much should I send? † and, â€Å"what do the children like? Do they like taffy? † I couldnt keep up with the questions! I gave up, and let Mom take the reigns. I knew shed be on board. She certainly didnt hesitate to get the goods, and ship them out. Three weeks later, I received a huge box from Mom. As always, my buddies were hovering, trying to sneak a peek at the contents. Judging by the weight, there was 20 pounds of candy in that box. I opened to box, and immediately had to close it. Inside was some of the best candies. She put everything in there, from chocolate peanut butter cups to handmade saltwater taffy. I was tempted to keep it for myself, but I couldnt do that; I knew Mom would want some pictures. The next day was our trip to the local village. I went to my superiors with the idea and they were very supportive. The village was small, with only about 70 inhabitants. A single dirt path ran through the middle of a group of tiny brick and mortar buildings. It was exactly like I remembered it in the movies. As we went in to town, the locals welcomed us. The children laughed and played, as they chased our vehicle to the village police station. The children gathered around as my crew and I dismounted. They were all so eager to see what I had brought them. It was odd to me that they knew I was bringing something. I think our translator tipped them off. I began passing out the candy the all the boys and girls. I must have been out there passing out candy for hours, I then realized I was supposed to be taking pictures for Mom. I managed to get a few photos in before I had to wrap up, and sadly get down to business.

World Environment Day Anchoring Script Essay Example

World Environment Day Anchoring Script Paper Thank you friends for praying the god for the success of the occasion. I feel Immensely rapture to handover this wonderful opportunity to to welcome all the dignitaries the audience on behalf of the Institution on this auspicious occasion. Thank you for welcoming the gathering Our physical world, respect and explore, Where water meets land: a beautiful shore. Mountains we conquer, look down in awe, If youre an artist, make sure you draw. Im sure that all of you like skits. They give us a fun also some knowledge. So to give you guys a fun with education are ready to present a skit. So I request the Hosannas to occupy this stage to present their skit. Thank you for your skit that urged us to inculcate some good habits of conserving the environment. The topic information about environment is never ending. So to give you some more knowledge about this day, I request to present her speech on this occasion. Thank you Nature exciting, adventurously new, Much more to see, than a sky that is blue. It offers so much, open your eyes, Hope of today, with every sunrise. For sharing your knowledge with us. I think you all had enough fun with education by the speeches, skit song. We will write a custom essay sample on World Environment Day Anchoring Script specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on World Environment Day Anchoring Script specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on World Environment Day Anchoring Script specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But now o all will be entertained again by the of our school. Because now they are here to occupy the stage to present their dance. So I request the Mourns to come over the dais entertain you all. Thank you for your wonderful performance. I am sure that the Mother Nature will be happy. As I had earlier said that knowledge about environment its uses are never ending. So now, to enlarge your encyclopedia of class 8th is ready to present her speech. So I request Anaphora to use this stage to present her speech. Thank you for your speech. We have heard that singing has a power to heal can also recover patients. So now I request the of our school to sing a song on this gracious occasion to bring a change In us to save the environment. Thank you for motivating us to save the environment. The environment the humans are Inter-related to each other. One cant sustain without the other. As environment Is required for us, even the environment also requires us. So we all should conserve the environment. So now, let to guide us by his oath. I also request all of you to stand up stretch your hands follow him to take the oath. Thank you sir for your words which will surely be the deadlines for all of us. I think I Just heard Mother Nature cry, Or was it one more broken, falling tree? Youd think wed learn as time goes speeding by. I think you all are aware of the drawing painting competition that was held in our school on account of the World Environmental Day. Many students had participated in the competition. I thank all of you for your active participation in the competition. Some of the artists have won prizes in the competition. So I request the to honor the winners by distributing the prizes to them. Thank you AMA for the distribution of the prizes. I heartily congratulate all the prize winners. Look Outside, see the trees Watch the flowers in the breeze Things wont be like this in a year or two If polluting is all we do Seize the night, seize the day, things wont always be You all had enough fun. But now its the time again to grab some knowledge. So I request_ to address the gathering on this occasion boost us to save the environment. Thank you AMA for your golden words. I am sure that all the students are encouraged inspired by your words. Sorry everyone, but the time to put a full stop for the event has arrived. This is my bounded duty to handover the responsibility to to vote her thanks to all the dignitaries audience on behalf of the institution. So I request Crowbars to take over the responsibility present her vote of thanks. Thank you for thanking all the dignitaries the audience. What we are doing to the forests is nothing but a mirror reflection of what we are doing to ourselves. By saying this I would like to end this event once again thank all of you whose presence has made this event a grand success. World Environment Day anchoring script Essay Example World Environment Day anchoring script Paper Thank you friends for praying the god for the success Of the occasion. I feel immensely rapture to handover this wonderful opportunity to to welcome all the dignitaries the audience on behalf of the institution on this auspicious occasion. Thank you for welcoming the gathering Our physical world, respect and explore, Where water meets land; a beautiful shore. Mountains we conquer, look down in awe, If youre an artist, make sure you draw. Im sure that all of you like skits. They give us a fun also some knowledge. So to give you guys a fun with education are ready to present a skit. So I request the Hosannas to occupy this stage to present their skit. Thank you for your skit that urged us to inculcate some good habits of cones;Eng the environment. The topic information about environment is never ending. So to give you some more knowledge about this day, I request you to present her speech on this occasion. Thank for sharing your knowledge with us. Nature exciting, adventurously new, Much more to see, than a sky that is blue. It offers so much, open your eyes, Hope of today, with every sunrise. Think you all had enough fun with education by the speeches, skit song. We will write a custom essay sample on World Environment Day anchoring script specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on World Environment Day anchoring script specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on World Environment Day anchoring script specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer But now you all will be entertained again by the of our school. Because now they are here to occupy the stage to present their dance. So I request the Mourns to come over the dais entertain you all. Thank you for your wonderful performance. Am sure that the Mother Nature will be happy. As I had earlier said that knowledge about environment its uses are never ending. So now, to enlarge your encyclopedia of class 8th is ready to present her speech. So request Anaphora to use this stage to present her speech. Thank you for your speech. We have heard that singing has a power to heal can also recover patients. So now I request the of our school to sing a song on this gracious occasion to bring a change in us to save the environment. Thank you for motivating us to save the environment. The environment the humans are inter-related to each other. One cant sustain without the other. As environment is required for us, even the environment also requires us. So we all should conserve the environment So now, let us start it by taking oath of saving our environment. I request our principal to guide us by his oath. I also request all of you to stand up stretch your hands follow him to take the oath. Thank you sir for your words which Will surely be the guidelines for all of us. I think I just heard Mother Nature cry, Or was it one more broken, falling tree? Youd think wed learn as time goes speeding by. Think you all are aware of the drawing painting competition that was held in our school on account of the World Environmental Day. Many students had participated in the competition. Thank all of you for your active participation in the competition. Some of the artists have won prizes in the competition. So request the to honor the winners by distributing the prizes to hem. Thank you AMA for the distribution of the prizes. I heartily congratulate all the prize winners. Look Outside, see the trees Watch the flowers in the breeze Things wont be like this in a year or two If polluting is all we do Seize the night, seize the day, things wont always be You all had enough fun. But now its the time again to grab some knowledge. So I request_ to address the gathering on this occasion boost us to save the environment. Thank you AMA for your golden words. I am sure that all the students are encouraged inspired by your words. Sorry everyone, but the time to put a full stop for the event has arrived. This is my bounded duty to handover the responsibility to to vote her thanks to all the dignitaries audience on behalf of the institution. So I request Crowbars to take over the responsibility present her vote of thanks. Thank you for thanking all the dignitaries the audience. What we are doing to the forests is nothing but a mirror reflection of what we are doing to ourselves. By saying this would like to end this event once again thank all of you whose presence has made this event a grand success.

Mohandus Gandhi essays

Mohandus Gandhi essays Mohandus Gandhi has had many influences on the world today. He was born on October 2nd, 1869 in Porbandar, West India. He became one of the most respected, spiritual and political leaders of the 1900's. He acquired the name Mahatma, which means "soul force. He helped free the Indian people through nonviolent resistance, also given the name satyagraha, instead of the violent warfare that was being used by Britain. Gandhi also promoted social and economic reforms. He is still honored by his people today, as the father of the Indian nation. Life in India during the time of Gandhi was not very pleasant for an Indian. British ruled most of India and they were racist and prejudice against the Indians and any other minority. Indians were forced to degrade themselves in public. They were not even allowed to walk on the same cement sidewalk or ride in the same passenger cart on a train, if there was no room to spare on the 3rd class cart, their only choice was to ride outside on top of the train. Gandhi's subliminal protests silently announced that Indians would not tolerate this, even if it risked being beaten or put into prison. To Gandhi, being put into prison for a good cause was considered honorable. He wanted to get rid of the caste system and for all who lived in India, including women, to be equal. Gandhi embraced Hindu traditions, unlike the Moslem tradition, Hindu worship idols. Moslem pray 5 times a day, they are monotheistic; they praise one god, Ali. Hindu's are polytheistic. However, it has caused conflicts. Even when Gandhi achieved equality, there was still tension about religion. Mohandus Gandhi has had many influences on the world today. Although Gandhi didnt agree with the way Britain was ruling India and some of the cultural aspects of India, he stood strong using his weapon of nonviolence. When Gandhi was 24, he lived in South Africa. It was then that he adopted satyagrana. Satyagrana literally mean...

Biography of Jacob J.Lew, Former Treasury Secretary

Biography of Jacob J.Lew, Former Treasury Secretary Jacob Joseph Jack Lew (born Aug. 29, 1955) served as the 76th United States secretary of the treasury from 2013 to 2017. Nominated by President Barak Obama on Jan. 10, 2013, Lew was confirmed by the Senate on Feb. 27, 2013, and sworn in the next day to replace the retiring Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner. Before his service as treasury secretary, Lew served as director of the Office of Management and Budget in the administrations of Obama and President Bill Clinton.  Lew was replaced as secretary of the treasury on Feb.13, 2017, by President Donald Trump’s nominee ​Steven Mnuchin, a banker and former hedge fund manager. Fast Facts: Jacob J. "Jack" Lew Known For: 76th U.S. Treasury Secretary under former President Barak Obama, also served as chief of staff under Obama and director of the Office of Management and Budget under both Obama and former President Bill ClintonAlso Known As: Jacob Joseph. Jack LewBorn: Aug. 29, 1955 in New York CityParents: Ruth Turoff and Irving LewEducation: Harvard University  (BA, 1978), Georgetown University  (JD, 1983)Awards and Honors: Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters (Georgetown University, 2014)Spouse: Ruth SchwartzChildren: Shoshana, IsaacNotable Quotes: The budget is not just a collection of numbers, but an expression of our values and aspirations. ... In my last tour of duty here in the 1990s, we made the tough, bipartisan decisions needed to bring our budget into surplus. Once again, it will take tough choices to put us on a sustainable fiscal path. Early Life and Education Lew was born on Aug. 29, 1955, in New York City to Irving Lew, a lawyer and rare book dealer, and Ruth Turoff. Lew attended New York City public schools, graduating from Forest Hill High School, where he met his future wife Ruth Schwartz. After attending Carleton College in Minnesota, Lew graduated from Harvard University in 1978 and from the Georgetown University Law Center in 1983. Government Career While involved in the federal government for nearly 40 years, Lew has never held an elected position. At just 19, Lew worked as a legislative aide to U.S. Rep. Joe Moakley (D-Mass.) from 1974 to 1975. After working for Rep. Moakley, Lew worked as a senior policy adviser to famed Speaker of the House Tip ONeill. As an adviser to ONeill, Lew served as executive director of the House Democratic Steering and Policy Committee. Lew also served as ONeills liaison to the 1983 Greenspan Commission, which successfully negotiated a bipartisan legislative solution extending the solvency of the Social Security program. In addition, Lew assisted ONeill with economic issues, including Medicare, federal budget, tax, trade, spending and appropriations, and energy issues. Clinton Administration From 1998 to 2001, Lew served as director of the Office of Management and Budget, a Cabinet-level position under President Bill Clinton. At OMB, Lew headed up the Clinton administrations budget team and was a member of the National Security Council. During Lews three years as head of the OMB, the U.S. budget actually operated at a surplus for the first time since 1969. Since 2002, the budget has suffered an ever-increasing deficit. Under President Clinton, Lew also helped design and implement the national service program Americorps. Between Clinton and Obama Following the end of the Clinton administration, Lew served as executive vice president and chief operating officer of New York University. While at NYU, he taught public administration and handled the universitys budget and finances. After leaving NYU in 2006, Lew went to work for Citigroup, serving as managing director and chief operating officer for two of the banking giants business units. From 2004 through 2008, Lew also served on the board of directors of the Corporation for National and Community Service, chairing its Management, Administration, and Governance Committee. Obama Administration Lew first joined the Obama administration in 2010 as deputy Secretary of State for Management and Resources. In November 2010, he was confirmed by the Senate as director of the Office of Management and Budget, the same office he held under President Clinton from 1998 to 2001. On Jan. 9, 2012, President Obama selected Lew as his White House chief of staff. During his time as chief of staff, Lew acted as a key negotiator between Obama and Republican Speaker of the House John Boehner in attempts to avoid the so-called fiscal cliff, the $85-billion forced budget sequestration and tax increases for wealthy Americans. In a 2012 article written for the HuffPost, Lew explained the Obama administrations plan for reducing the U.S. deficit as including: cutting $78 billion from the Department of Defense budget, raising the income tax rate for the top 2% of income earners to what they were during the Clinton administration, and reducing the federal tax rate on corporations from 35% to 25%. In my last tour of duty here in the 1990s, we made the tough, bipartisan decisions needed to bring our budget into surplus, wrote Lew. Once again, it will take tough choices to put us on a sustainable fiscal path. After Washington After Lews service in Washington, he returned to Wall Street to join a private equity firm. He is also a much-sought-after commentator on cable news shows, on issues ranging from the state of the economy to economic relations with China. Sources â€Å"Jacob J. Lew.†Ã‚  Jacob J. Lew | Columbia SIPA.Meredith, Sam. â€Å"More Bumps in the Road before US-China Trade Deal, Former Treasury Secretary Jack Lew Warns.†Ã‚  CNBC, CNBC, 26 Mar. 2019.Mittelman, Melissa. â€Å"Jack Lew Goes Back to Wall Street.†Ã‚  Bloomberg.com, Bloomberg, 20 Nov. 2017.Nottingham, Melissa. â€Å"Ruth Schwartz- Secretary of Treasury Jacob Lews Wife.†Ã‚  WAGPOLITICS.COM, 1 Oct. 2013.

Community Project Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Community Project Paper - Essay Example My community health class and I decided to volunteer to go in person to the House of Ruth. This is because the House of Ruth is not far off from where we are, and they appreciate any contributions given to them including material donations. It is was also convenient for each one of us from class, and therefore we decided to go together to give at least a sizeable donation together as a class. The House of Ruth, as mentioned above, helps those infected or affected by HIV/AIDs to move on with life, especially because of the added burden of medical care for the sick. These families and individuals will often be subjected to financial and material strains. The House of Ruth comes in to help ease these burdens through volunteers and donors. I personally dropped off donations at the House of Ruth, which included toilet paper, two tissue boxes and two shampoos. The reason I chose House of Ruth is because it is dedicated to making a difference in the lives of people affected or infected with HIV/AIDS. Their  noble cause is worth, and they are a non-profit organization, depending mainly on volunteers and donors. As such, it only felt right to go and take part in making a difference in the lives of these people, and that is mainly why we chose it. Again, the House of Ruth is not far from our residence, making it convenient to drop off our donations in person. The house evidently could do with donations since it is a non-profit organization. The donations we made would be used to provide essential commodities for the beneficiaries of the house. This will give them an easier time in their day-to-day living and improve their life quality. Financial donations can be used for educational purposes and for providing basic necessities too to the people of the House. There was not much that we donated, but the little we did surely put a smile on the faces of these